diff --git a/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasDDES/SpalartAllmarasDDES.C b/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasDDES/SpalartAllmarasDDES.C
index 075b61388d134194722da23a68e8fefb2151fe52..3339dd4ce5ae0c7a13e3f5d94216a503aca0786d 100644
--- a/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasDDES/SpalartAllmarasDDES.C
+++ b/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasDDES/SpalartAllmarasDDES.C
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
- \\/ M anipulation |
+ \\/ M anipulation | Copyright (C) 2015 OpenCFD Ltd.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ tmp<volScalarField> SpalartAllmarasDDES<BasicTurbulenceModel>::dTilda
- fd(mag(gradU))
*max
(
- this->y_ - this->CDES_*this->delta(),
+ this->y_ - this->psi(chi, fv1)*this->CDES_*this->delta(),
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimLength, 0)
),
dimensionedScalar("small", dimLength, SMALL)
diff --git a/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasDES/SpalartAllmarasDES.C b/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasDES/SpalartAllmarasDES.C
index d1b0da8341899a0f56944dde577c7d7bb3f8bca2..5bf1780bff10955076f7fab988d1ef6bbcdebaf3 100644
--- a/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasDES/SpalartAllmarasDES.C
+++ b/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasDES/SpalartAllmarasDES.C
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
- \\/ M anipulation |
+ \\/ M anipulation | Copyright (C) 2015 OpenCFD Ltd.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -63,6 +63,16 @@ tmp<volScalarField> SpalartAllmarasDES<BasicTurbulenceModel>::fv2
}
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+tmp<volScalarField> SpalartAllmarasDES<BasicTurbulenceModel>::ft2
+(
+ const volScalarField& chi
+) const
+{
+ return Ct3_*exp(-Ct4_*sqr(chi));
+}
+
+
template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
tmp<volScalarField> SpalartAllmarasDES<BasicTurbulenceModel>::S
(
@@ -148,6 +158,53 @@ tmp<volScalarField> SpalartAllmarasDES<BasicTurbulenceModel>::fw
}
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+tmp<volScalarField> SpalartAllmarasDES<BasicTurbulenceModel>::psi
+(
+ const volScalarField& chi,
+ const volScalarField& fv1
+) const
+{
+ tmp<volScalarField> tpsi
+ (
+ new volScalarField
+ (
+ IOobject
+ (
+ type() + ":psi",
+ this->time().timeName(),
+ this->mesh(),
+ IOobject::NO_READ,
+ IOobject::NO_WRITE
+ ),
+ this->mesh(),
+ dimensionedScalar("one", dimless, 1)
+ )
+ );
+
+ if (lowReCorrection_)
+ {
+ volScalarField& psi = tpsi();
+
+ const volScalarField fv2(this->fv2(chi, fv1));
+ const volScalarField ft2(this->ft2(chi));
+
+ psi =
+ sqrt
+ (
+ min
+ (
+ scalar(100),
+ (1 - Cb1_/(Cw1_*sqr(kappa_)*fwStar_)*(ft2 + (1 - ft2)*fv2))
+ /max(SMALL, (fv1*max(1e-10, 1 - ft2)))
+ )
+ );
+ }
+
+ return tpsi;
+}
+
+
template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
tmp<volScalarField> SpalartAllmarasDES<BasicTurbulenceModel>::dTilda
(
@@ -156,7 +213,7 @@ tmp<volScalarField> SpalartAllmarasDES<BasicTurbulenceModel>::dTilda
const volTensorField& gradU
) const
{
- tmp<volScalarField> tdTilda(CDES_*this->delta());
+ tmp<volScalarField> tdTilda(psi(chi, fv1)*CDES_*this->delta());
min(tdTilda().dimensionedInternalField(), tdTilda(), y_);
return tdTilda;
}
@@ -300,6 +357,42 @@ SpalartAllmarasDES<BasicTurbulenceModel>::SpalartAllmarasDES
0.07
)
),
+ lowReCorrection_
+ (
+ Switch::lookupOrAddToDict
+ (
+ "lowReCorrection",
+ this->coeffDict_,
+ true
+ )
+ ),
+ Ct3_
+ (
+ dimensioned<scalar>::lookupOrAddToDict
+ (
+ "Ct3",
+ this->coeffDict_,
+ 1.2
+ )
+ ),
+ Ct4_
+ (
+ dimensioned<scalar>::lookupOrAddToDict
+ (
+ "Ct4",
+ this->coeffDict_,
+ 0.5
+ )
+ ),
+ fwStar_
+ (
+ dimensioned<scalar>::lookupOrAddToDict
+ (
+ "fwStar",
+ this->coeffDict_,
+ 0.424
+ )
+ ),
nuTilda_
(
@@ -345,6 +438,11 @@ bool SpalartAllmarasDES<BasicTurbulenceModel>::read()
CDES_.readIfPresent(this->coeffDict());
ck_.readIfPresent(this->coeffDict());
+ lowReCorrection_.readIfPresent("lowReCorrection", this->coeffDict());
+ Ct3_.readIfPresent(this->coeffDict());
+ Ct4_.readIfPresent(this->coeffDict());
+ fwStar_.readIfPresent(this->coeffDict());
+
return true;
}
else
@@ -418,6 +516,7 @@ void SpalartAllmarasDES<BasicTurbulenceModel>::correct()
const volScalarField chi(this->chi());
const volScalarField fv1(this->fv1(chi));
+ const volScalarField ft2(this->ft2(chi));
tmp<volTensorField> tgradU = fvc::grad(U);
const volScalarField Omega(this->Omega(tgradU()));
@@ -431,10 +530,11 @@ void SpalartAllmarasDES<BasicTurbulenceModel>::correct()
- fvm::laplacian(alpha*rho*DnuTildaEff(), nuTilda_)
- Cb2_/sigmaNut_*alpha*rho*magSqr(fvc::grad(nuTilda_))
==
- Cb1_*alpha*rho*Stilda*nuTilda_
+ Cb1_*alpha*rho*Stilda*nuTilda_*(scalar(1) - ft2)
- fvm::Sp
(
- Cw1_*alpha*rho*fw(Stilda, dTilda)*nuTilda_/sqr(dTilda),
+ (Cw1_*fw(Stilda, dTilda) - Cb1_/sqr(kappa_)*ft2)
+ *alpha*rho*nuTilda_/sqr(dTilda),
nuTilda_
)
);
diff --git a/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasDES/SpalartAllmarasDES.H b/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasDES/SpalartAllmarasDES.H
index 3a560be0c8ec55ab55c1a388a517a5a879e2cd66..60294f61d86295de058969d8304b37d8e34cae2e 100644
--- a/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasDES/SpalartAllmarasDES.H
+++ b/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasDES/SpalartAllmarasDES.H
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
- \\/ M anipulation |
+ \\/ M anipulation | Copyright (C) 2015 OpenCFD Ltd.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -39,6 +39,15 @@ Description
Advances in DNS/LES, 1, 4-8.
\endverbatim
+ Including the low Reynolds number correction documented in
+ \verbatim
+ Spalart, P. R., Deck, S., Shur, M.L., Squires, K.D., Strelets, M.Kh,
+ Travin, A. (2006).
+ A new version of detached-eddy simulation, resistant to ambiguous grid
+ densities.
+ Theor. Comput. Fluid Dyn., 20, 181-195.
+ \endverbatim
+
SourceFiles
SpalartAllmarasDES.C
@@ -91,6 +100,15 @@ protected:
dimensionedScalar CDES_;
dimensionedScalar ck_;
+
+ // Low Reynolds number correction
+
+ Switch lowReCorrection_;
+ dimensionedScalar Ct3_;
+ dimensionedScalar Ct4_;
+ dimensionedScalar fwStar_;
+
+
// Fields
volScalarField nuTilda_;
@@ -113,6 +131,8 @@ protected:
const volScalarField& fv1
) const;
+ tmp<volScalarField> ft2(const volScalarField& chi) const;
+
tmp<volScalarField> S(const volTensorField& gradU) const;
tmp<volScalarField> Omega(const volTensorField& gradU) const;
@@ -138,6 +158,12 @@ protected:
const volScalarField& dTilda
) const;
+ tmp<volScalarField> psi
+ (
+ const volScalarField& chi,
+ const volScalarField& fv1
+ ) const;
+
//- Length scale
virtual tmp<volScalarField> dTilda
(
diff --git a/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES.C b/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES.C
index f96cdc6a161717a012501eaf5b04df38f478592d..0a1015cfdb751d1f63a9072b8704ac4750c3556a 100644
--- a/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES.C
+++ b/src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/DES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES.C
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
- \\/ M anipulation |
+ \\/ M anipulation | Copyright (C) 2015 OpenCFD Ltd.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ tmp<volScalarField> SpalartAllmarasIDDES<BasicTurbulenceModel>::dTilda
(
dimensionedScalar("SMALL", dimLength, SMALL),
fHyb*(1 + fRestore*Psi)*this->y_
- + (1 - fHyb)*this->CDES_*Psi*this->delta()
+ + (1 - fHyb)*this->psi(chi, fv1)*this->CDES_*Psi*this->delta()
);
}