diff --git a/tutorials/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/fluidisedBed/0/U.air b/tutorials/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/fluidisedBed/0/U.air
index 4896cfb962a47eebb1ef639ae307045472f49060..a9af55993e23ff26e112eb927135b6667f7d6f45 100644
--- a/tutorials/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/fluidisedBed/0/U.air
+++ b/tutorials/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/fluidisedBed/0/U.air
@@ -22,8 +22,10 @@ boundaryField
 {
     inlet
     {
-        type               fixedValue;
-        value              uniform (0 0.25 0);
+        type               interstitialInletVelocity;
+        inletVelocity      uniform (0 0.25 0);
+        alpha              alpha.air;
+        value              $internalField;
     }
 
     outlet
diff --git a/tutorials/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/fluidisedBed/0/alpha.air b/tutorials/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/fluidisedBed/0/alpha.air
deleted file mode 100644
index 9a4d3aea6cad96d8401c7af22e2004860edf22c0..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/tutorials/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/fluidisedBed/0/alpha.air
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6048 +0,0 @@
-/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
-| =========                 |                                                 |
-| \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox           |
-|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  dev                                   |
-|   \\  /    A nd           | Web:      www.OpenFOAM.org                      |
-|    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-FoamFile
-{
-    version     2.0;
-    format      ascii;
-    class       volScalarField;
-    location    "0";
-    object      alpha.air;
-}
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-dimensions      [0 0 0 0 0 0 0];
-
-internalField   nonuniform List<scalar>
-6000
-(
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-0.45
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-)
-;
-
-boundaryField
-{
-    inlet
-    {
-        type            fixedValue;
-        value           uniform 1;
-    }
-    outlet
-    {
-        type            zeroGradient;
-    }
-    walls
-    {
-        type            zeroGradient;
-    }
-    frontAndBackPlanes
-    {
-        type            empty;
-    }
-}
-
-
-// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/tutorials/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/fluidisedBed/0/alpha.air.org b/tutorials/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/fluidisedBed/0/alpha.air.org
deleted file mode 100644
index 29db06c78367cb29c5f8b9b9bdc7ca58ee1db9c6..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/tutorials/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/fluidisedBed/0/alpha.air.org
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
-| =========                 |                                                 |
-| \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox           |
-|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  dev                                   |
-|   \\  /    A nd           | Web:      www.OpenFOAM.org                      |
-|    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-FoamFile
-{
-    version     2.0;
-    format      ascii;
-    class       volScalarField;
-    object      alpha.air;
-}
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-dimensions      [0 0 0 0 0 0 0];
-
-internalField   uniform 0;
-
-boundaryField
-{
-    inlet
-    {
-        type            fixedValue;
-        value           uniform 1;
-    }
-
-    outlet
-    {
-        type            zeroGradient;
-    }
-
-    walls
-    {
-        type            zeroGradient;
-    }
-
-    frontAndBackPlanes
-    {
-        type            empty;
-    }
-}
-
-// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/tutorials/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/fluidisedBed/0/alpha.particles.org b/tutorials/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/fluidisedBed/0/alpha.particles.org
index 69666444bc1beb16275c2ac20a69f6c41cd4252e..b28a5a97d9b1034a39925ead65f04cd371860b89 100644
--- a/tutorials/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/fluidisedBed/0/alpha.particles.org
+++ b/tutorials/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/fluidisedBed/0/alpha.particles.org
@@ -22,8 +22,7 @@ boundaryField
 {
     inlet
     {
-        type            fixedValue;
-        value           uniform 0;
+        type            zeroGradient;
     }
 
     outlet