Description
    Ramp function base class for the set of scalar functions starting from 0 and
    increasing monotonically to 1 from \c start over the \c duration and
    remaining at 1 thereafter.

    Usage:
    \verbatim
        <entryName> <rampFunction>;
        <entryName>Coeffs
        {
            start     10;
            duration  20;
        }
    \endverbatim
    or
    \verbatim
        <entryName>
        {
            type      <rampFunction>;
            start     10;
            duration  20;
        }
    \endverbatim

    Where:
    \table
        Property | Description  | Required | Default value
        start    | Start time   | no       | 0
        duration | Duration     | yes      |
    \endtable

The following common ramp functions are provided: linear, quadratic, halfCosine,
quarterCosine and quaterSine, others can easily be added and registered to the run-time
selection system.

e.g.
    ramp
    {
        type     quadratic;
        start    200;
        duration 1.6;
    }

but the old format is supported for backward compatibility:

    ramp linear;
    rampCoeffs
    {
        start    200;
        duration 1.6;
    }

of the specified type

e.g. postProcess -time 0.001 -func dsmcFields

Resolves bug-report https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2499

Resolves patch request https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2490

Set default value of C3 to 0
Set C3 to -0.33 in the engineFoam/kivaTest tutorial.

Resolves bug-report https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2496

Resolves bug-report https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2492

Resolves bug-report https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2491

Formally this is equivalent to the previous formulation but more convenient to
use given that for compressible flow the mass flux rather than the volume flux
is available.

sixDoFRigidBodyDisplacementPointPatchVectorField, uncoupledSixDoFRigidBodyDisplacementPointPatchVectorField: removed

These legacy boundary conditions are no longer needed and have been superseded
by the more flexible sixDoFRigidBodyMotion and rigidBodyMotion solvers.  See tutorials:

incompressible/pimpleDyMFoam/wingMotion/wingMotion2D_pimpleDyMFoam
multiphase/interDyMFoam/RAS/DTCHull
multiphase/interDyMFoam/RAS/floatingObject

Resolves bug-report https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2487

Resolves bug-report https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2459

Resolves bug-report https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2489

Using

decomposePar -copyZero

The mesh is decomposed as usual but the '0' directory is recursively copied to
the 'processor.*' directories rather than decomposing the fields.  This is a
convenient option to handle cases where the initial field files are generic and
can be used for serial or parallel running.  See for example the
incompressible/simpleFoam/motorBike tutorial case.

Patch contributed by Mattijs Janssens

Fewer limiter iterations are now required to obtain sufficient boundedness and
restart is more consistent.

PBiCGStab has proved more reliable than PCG for solving the pressure equation in
compressible systems.

Resolves bug-report https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2475

Both stardard SIMPLE and the SIMPLEC (using the 'consistent' option in
fvSolution) are now supported for both subsonic and transonic flow of all
fluid types.

rhoPimpleFoam now instantiates the lower-level fluidThermo which instantiates
either a psiThermo or rhoThermo according to the 'type' specification in
thermophysicalProperties, see also commit a1c8cde3

Resolves bug-report https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2477

Both stardard SIMPLE and the SIMPLEC (using the 'consistent' option in
fvSolution) are now supported for both subsonic and transonic flow of all
fluid types.

rhoSimpleFoam now instantiates the lower-level fluidThermo which instantiates
either a psiThermo or rhoThermo according to the 'type' specification in
thermophysicalProperties, e.g.

thermoType
{
    type            hePsiThermo;
    mixture         pureMixture;
    transport       sutherland;
    thermo          janaf;
    equationOfState perfectGas;
    specie          specie;
    energy          sensibleInternalEnergy;
}

instantiates a psiThermo for a perfect gas with JANAF thermodynamics, whereas

thermoType
{
    type            heRhoThermo;
    mixture         pureMixture;
    properties      liquid;
    energy          sensibleInternalEnergy;
}

mixture
{
    H2O;
}

instantiates a rhoThermo for water, see new tutorial
compressible/rhoSimpleFoam/squareBendLiq.

In order to support complex equations of state the pressure can no longer be
unlimited and rhoSimpleFoam now limits the pressure rather than the density to
handle start-up more robustly.

For backward compatibility 'rhoMin' and 'rhoMax' can still be used in the SIMPLE
sub-dictionary of fvSolution which are converted into 'pMax' and 'pMin' but it
is better to set either 'pMax' and 'pMin' directly or use the more convenient
'pMinFactor' and 'pMinFactor' from which 'pMax' and 'pMin' are calculated using
the fixed boundary pressure or reference pressure e.g.

SIMPLE
{
    nNonOrthogonalCorrectors 0;

    pMinFactor      0.1;
    pMaxFactor      1.5;

    transonic       yes;
    consistent      yes;

    residualControl
    {
        p               1e-3;
        U               1e-4;
        e               1e-3;
        "(k|epsilon|omega)" 1e-3;
    }
}

Resolves bug-report https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2470

Resolves bug-report https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2470

functionObjects::fieldCoordinateSystemTransform: added coordinateSystem sub-dict and updated the description

Patch contributed by Bruno Santos
Resolves bug-report https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2454